Immunohistochemistry as a method of assessment of RGFR, PD-L1 overexpression and ALK reordering in pulmonary carcinomas

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of immunohistochemistry to determine the overexpression of EGFR, PD-L1 and ALK rearrangement in lung carcinomas in biopsies of the Pathological Anatomy laboratory of the Trinidad Medical Teaching Center in the period January 2010-october 2020. Methods: a descriptive and retrospective, observational and experimental study will be carried out in which all cases of lung carcinomas received in the Pathological Anatomy laboratory of the Teaching Medical Center of Trinidad in the period January 2010-october 2020 was evaluated, conducting an IHC study with the EGFR, ALK and PD-L1 antibodies for histological analysis. Results: The mean age was 67.88 years (± 12.171 SD, range 50 to 99 years). 48.28% were male and 34.48% female. The most common diagnosis prior to the immunohistochemical study was non-small cell carcinoma (23.08%). A total of 20.6% of the cases showed positive immunolabeling for EGFR. ALK positivity was observed in 24.13% of the cases. Immunoreactivity for PD-L1 was observed in 34.48% of the cases. EGFR expression is positively related to ALK and PD-L1 expression. The expression of ALK showed a positive association with the expression of EGFR. No statistical significance was observed with the histological type association and any of these three antibodies. Conclusion: The immunohistochemical study is a reliable method for the determination of EGFR, ALK mutations, and PD-L1 expression important as prognostic and predictive factors in patients with carcinomas. pulmonary.