Office hysteroscopy: an essential tool in the study of the infertile patient.

Abstract

Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse in women under 35 years of age, or after 6 months in women over 35 years of age. Up to 5% of couples experience infertility. 10% of the causes are related to the uterine cavity, which can be studied using hysteroscopy. The aim of this study was to identify the hysteroscopic findings in patients who underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy due to infertility (2014-2024). This was an analytical, retrospective, cohort study type III, with a population of 600 patients and a sample of 164 with infertility indications. Uterine abnormalities were found in 73.39% of cases. The most common findings were endometrial polyps (31.45%), signs of endometrial inflammation (16.94%), isthmocele (14.52%), and uterine synechiae (10.48%). The primary infertility group had endometrial polyps in 32% of cases and endometritis in 15%. Patients with secondary infertility had isthmocele (22%), endometrial polyps, and uterine synechiae in the same proportion (16%), and signs of endometrial inflammation (11%). A statistically significant relationship between the findings and age was found in the primary infertility group, while no relationship could be established in patients with secondary infertility. Hysteroscopy is a key tool for studying the uterine cavity and the timely management of infertile patients.