Body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with normal weight obesity: Analytical observational study

Abstract

Objective: Correlate body composition by segmental electrical bioimpedance and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with normal BMI. Materials and methods: The study was carried out in the Endocrinology service of “Centro Medico Docente la Trinidad” in the period April 2022 until July 2023, the sample initially consisted of 280 patients who were indicated to perform a body composition study by segmental electrical bioimpedance, of which 60 had a normal BMI, is an observational, descriptive, case series study, including patients ≥18 years of age, both sexes, BMI ˂25kg/m² with or without comorbidities (T2D, hypertension, dyslipidemia), without thyroid disorders, which met the inclusion criteria. Results: No greater number of risk factors were evident, however more than 50% of the patients had a slightly obese body type with a body fat percentage of ˃28% and low musculoskeletal mass. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between normal BMI, high percentage of body fat and low muscle mass with cardiovascular risk factors. The limitation of the study was the size of the sample and the age of the patients, with the highest percentage being under 40 years, to make conclusions of greater weight, so we cannot correlate the percentage of body fat with normal BMI with a greater number of risk factors.