Encephalitis with dysautonomic manifestations post covid-19: report of a case.

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus can affect multiple organs and systems, with the Central Nervous System (CNS) being susceptible to complications acutely or due to secondary immunological processes triggered by this agent. Expressions such as Guillain Barré Syndrome, acute or autoimmune encephalitis have been documented. Case presentation: A 4-year-old female patient who presented signs and symptoms of neurological dysfunction (epileptic seizures, dysautonomia, behavioral changes) one month after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The result of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed slightly increased cellularity and neutralizing or antispicule antibodies present (positive). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings were normal. She received immunomodulatory treatment with complete reversal of symptoms. Discussion: The manifestations that compromise the CNS post-COVID, without other explicable causes, must be correlated with acute or autoimmune encephalitis depending on the time of presentation of the symptoms. An early therapeutic decision is imperative to avoid complications that compromise the future of the child.