Efficacy of open partial laryngectomy in functional preservation in patients with squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The annual incidence of laryngeal cancer corresponds to 1.1%. It can be supraglottic, glottic and subglottic. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common and the risk factor is smoking. Partial laryngectomy offers cancer control and maintenance of laryngeal function while preserving swallowing, breathing, and oral communication. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of open partial laryngectomy in the functional preservation of patients with early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, who attended the head and neck surgery clinic, from January 2013 to January 2022. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, retrospective study. RESULTS: 13 male patients were included, mean age was 62.85 years, ±9.24, 100% were squamous cell carcinomas and smokers, 61.5% left glottic, 15.4% right glottic, and 23.1% supraglottic. , T1: 23.1%, T2: 76.9%, 100% presented dysphonia, 61.5% required partial laryngectomy, 38.5% radiotherapy, 53.8% required tracheostomy, 23.1% gastrostomy, 15.4 % presented relapse. The eventualities were greater with radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The selection of treatment in patients with early laryngeal cancer is influenced by the tumor, patient factors and the experience of the medical team. Treatment strategies include non-surgical and surgical alternatives. Open partial laryngectomy offers local control, preservation of swallowing and maintenance of speech, without eventualities such as mucositis, skin lesions, xerostomia and hypogeusia, which improves the quality of life of patients.