Registration and characterization of Prolactinomas at Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad. 2012-2020

Abstract

Pituitary tumors represent the most common form of intracranial tumor in 14.7%. Prolactinomas are prolactin-secreting adenomas, representing 40% of pituitary tumors. Its hospital frequency varies with age and sex, frequently occurring in women 10: 1 and in an age range between 20-50 years, with clinical manifestations given by the effect of mass and high levels of prolactin. A previous study carried out by Al-Dahmani et al, in 2015 in Canada, yielded a conglomerate of 1005 patients of which 345 corresponded to prolactinomas. Accordingly, healthcare centers that wish to advance in the management of these patients must employ strategies that guarantee registration, in order to fully understand this entity. Therefore, this study is carried out in order to develop an epidemiological registration system in the Endocrinology and Otorhinolaryngology Service of the La Trinidad Teaching Medical Center 2012-2020. A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out with the medical records of patients diagnosed with prolactinoma, registering 97 patients in total. The distribution by sex shows a higher incidence in females, constituting 79%, showing that galactorrhea is the main sign in females, followed by visual disorders. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach relies on imaging studies of the seal region with the quantification of prolactin levels, both added to the characteristics of the patient allow making a decision on the appropriate therapeutic method, debating between medical and surgical management.