Relate the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor in thyroid cancer ¿myth or reality? CMDLT- Caracas 2023

Abstract

Objective: To establish the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and the development of thyroid cancer in patients who attend the head and neck oncological surgery clinic of the CMDLT in the period between January 2018-January 2023. Methods: Type study observational, analytical, with case controls, cross-sectional, which included 24 patients, obtaining histopathological diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma and a previous history of diabetes. The epidemiological behavior and development of carcinoma in the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was evaluated. Result: More than half of the patients (61%) belonged to the group with both diagnoses, estimating a high probability between 26.6 and 50.8. % that a previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for developing thyroid cancer, with a CI of 95%. Furthermore, it is associated that the diagnosis of diabetes established more than 5 years may be responsible for the development of carcinogenesis; It was also confirmed that the most frequent histology was differentiated carcinoma, specifically papillary thyroid carcinoma (79%). Conclusion: The presence of diabetes mellitus as a risk factor is related to thyroid cancer in young patients, under 50 years of age, associated with a time greater than 5 years from the pathological endocrine diagnosis.