Colonization of Streptococcus agalactiae in a prepartum vaginorectal culture

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate Streptococcus agalactiae colonization frequency in pregnant women at Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Results: After reviewing 300 patient records of positive Group B Streptococcus from 2010 to 2023, only 168 records met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean age of the participants was 33 ± 5 years, with an average gestational age at culture sampling of 35 ± 1 week and an average gestational age of obstetric resolution of 38 ± 1 week. The Group B Streptococcus frequency of colonization was 7.4%. Forty percent of the pregnant women were in their second pregnancy, while 60% were primigravida. Obstetric outcomes included 66% cesarean deliveries and 34% vaginal births. Only 8% received intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, 7% with ampicillin/sulbactam, and 1% with penicillin. 92% did not receive prophylaxis. Six percent had premature rupture of membranes and 3% threatened labor. There were 2 newborns admitted to the neonatal therapy unit. Conclusions: The frequency of colonization in the studied population was 7.4%, low with respect to that reported worldwide. The study population was heterogeneous with respect to those compared; the majority of patients did not experience obstetric complications. There was evidence of noncompliance with the recommendations suggested by international protocols.