The effectiveness of the nasopharyngeal device to prevent episodes of hypoxia during deep sedation in patients with suspected O.S.A.

Abstract

The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (O.S.A.S.) is characterized by periodic obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. Nasopharyngeal devices are small soft rubber tubes that occupy the nasopharyngeal space with the aim of permeabilizing the passage of air through the soft tissues. It is necessary to improve safety in sedation outside the operating room, with the responsibility of reducing vital risks and clinical costs. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of nasopharyngeal device use in reducing hypoxia episodes in patients with suspected O.S.A.S. who require deep sedation for endoscopic digestive procedures. Methodology: A sample of 40 female and male patients between 30 and 65 years old, ASA I - III, with suspected O.S.A.S. according to the STOP-BANG questionnaire was selected. Randomly distributed, Group A (22) received oxygen by nasal cannula, and Group B (18), in whom the nasopharyngeal device plus oxygen by nasal cannula was used. Results: The average age was 54 ± 9.43 years, male sex in 80%, BMI of 31 ± 5kg/m2. In group A, 64% presented desaturation; and 56% hypoxia. Unlike group B, where 27% presented desaturation and none presented hypoxia, p value = 0.003, and p value <0.001 respectively. There were mild complications in 16.66% of the experimental group. Conclusion: The use of nasopharyngeal device was well tolerated and effective in reducing hypoxia episodes in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea undergoing deep sedation for endoscopic digestive procedures, with a low rate of complications and a high degree of acceptance by the operating physician.